Towards easier and more functional semantics for geometrical tolerancing

9 pagesInternational audienceGeometrical defects of a manufactured feature are limited by form, size and location tolerances. The standardized semantics of those tolerances, i.e. their interpretation on the manufactured feature, presents a lot of drawbacks. We propose new semantics, based on the fitting of a unique theoretical feature on the manufactured feature. The fitting criterion we propose, named minimum volume criterion, leads to the actual mating envelope of the manufactured feature. For some functional requirements the tolerancing shown to become simpler and more functional

Tolerance analysis and synthesis by means of deviation domains, axi-symmetric cases

The small displacement torsors are generally used for the represeolation of the geometrical deviations. The standardised tolerances can then be translated by a set of inequalities between the components of a deviation torsor. hi me case of cylindrical possible to reduce the space to three dimensions at the maximum instead of six in the general case. Topological operations like the Minkowski sum to carry OUT the domains presented application relates to metro-logic inspection for a specification with maximum material condition on both the toleranced surface and the datum. The second example makes it possible to determine the deviation between two surfaces belonging to two different parts after mating them by two contact features

GAME AUGMENTED REALITY UNTUK PENDIDIKAN ANTI KORUPSI DALAM PERILAKU MAHASISWA

ABSTRAK Perilaku mahasiswa dalam kegiatan perkuliahan memiliki dampak terhadap karakter yang mengarah kepada tindakan korupsi. Game edukasi adalah game digital yang dibuat untuk tujuan pendidikan[1]. Game dapat mempengaruhi motivasi pemainnya yang mana mempengaruhi perilaku dan perilaku mempengaruhi karakter[2]. Augmented Reality adalah live view secara langsung atau tidak langsung dari lingkungan dunia nyata yang bersifat fisik yaitu yang unsur-unsurnya ditambah atau bahkan dikurangi oleh komputer[3]. Jurnal ini berisi tentang rancangan pembuatan game Augmented Reality serta hasil penerapan game. Kata Kunci : Augmented Reality, Game, Perilaku, Universitas, Mahasiswa, Edukas

Aide au tolérancement tridimensionnel (modèle des domaines)

Face à la demande de plus en plus exigeante en terme de qualité et de coût de fabrication des produits manufacturés, la qualification et quantification optimal des défauts acceptables est primordial. Le tolérancement est le moyen de communication permettant de définir les variations géométriques autorisé entre les différents corps de métier intervenant au cours du cycle de fabrication du produit. Un tolérancement optimal est le juste compromis entre coût de fabrication et qualité du produit final. Le tolérancement repose sur 3 problématiques majeures: la spécification (normalisation d'un langage complet et univoque), la synthèse et l'analyse de tolérances. Nous proposons dans ce document de nouvelles méthodes d'analyse et de synthèse du tolérancement tridimensionnel. Ces méthodes se basent sur une modélisation de la géométrie à l'aide de l'outil domaine jeux et écarts développé au laboratoire. La première étape consiste à déterminer les différentes topologies composant un mécanisme tridimensionnel. Pour chacune de ces topologies est définie une méthode de résolution des problématiques de tolérancement. Au pire des cas, les conditions de respect des exigences fonctionnelles se traduisent par des conditions d'existence et d'inclusions sur les domaines. Ces équations de domaines peuvent ensuite être traduites sous forme de système d'inéquations scalaires. L'analyse statistique s'appuie sur des tirages de type Monte-Carlo. Les variables aléatoires sont les composantes de petits déplacements des torseur écarts défini à l'intérieur de leur zone de tolérance (modélisée par un domaine écarts) et les dimensions géométriques fixant l'étendue des jeux (taille du domaine jeux associé). A l'issue des simulations statistiques, il est possible d'estimer le risque de non-qualité et les jeux résiduels en fonction du tolérancement défini. Le développement d'une nouvelle représentation des domaines jeux et écarts plus adapté, permet de simplifier les calculs relatifs aux problématiques de tolérancement. Le traitement local de chaque topologie élémentaire de mécanisme permet d'effectuer le traitement global des mécanismes tridimensionnels complexes avec prise en compte des jeux.As far as the demand in quality and cost of manufacturing increase, the optimal qualification and quantification of acceptable defects is essential. Tolerancing is the means of communication between all actors of manufacturing. An optimal tolerancing is the right compromise between manufacturing cost and quality of the final product. Tolerancing is based on three major issues: The specification (standardization of a complete and unequivocal language), synthesis and analysis of the tolerancing. We suggest in this thesis some new analysis and synthesis of the three-dimensional tolerancing. These methods are based on a geometric model define by the deviations and clearances domains developed on the laboratory. The first step consists in determining the elementary topology that composes a three-dimensional mechanism. For each kind of these topologies one resolution method is defined. In worst case, the condition of functional requirement respect is traduced by existence and inclusions conditions on the domains. Then these domains equations can be translated in inequalities system of scalar. The statistical analysis uses the Monte-Carlo simulation. The random variables are the small displacements components of the deviation torsor which is defined inside its tolerance area (model by a deviations domain) and the geometrics dimensions which set the extent of clearance (size of the clearance domain). Thanks to statistical simulation, it is possible to estimate the non-quality rate in regards to the defined tolerancing. The development of a new representation of clearances and deviations domains most suitable, allows us to simplify the calculation for tolerancing problems. The local treatment of elementary topology makes enables the global treatment of complex three-dimensional mechanisms with take into account of clearances.SAVOIE-SCD - Bib.électronique (730659901) / SudocGRENOBLE1/INP-Bib.électronique (384210012) / SudocGRENOBLE2/3-Bib.électronique (384219901) / SudocSudocFranceF

HER2 cancer vaccine optimization by combining Drosophila S2 insect cell manufacturing with a novel VLP-display technology

Breast cancer is a widespread oncology indication affecting more than 1.3 million people worldwide annually, 20%-30% of which are HER2 positive. HER2 is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is frequently overexpressed in several solid-tumor cancers (incl. breast, prostate, gastric, esophageal and osteosarcoma) where it denotes an aggressive phenotype, high metastatic rate, and poor prognosis. In a human context, passive HER2-targeted immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies (mAb, e.g. Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab) has proven to be an effective treatment modality, which has dramatically improved clinical outcomes. Unfortunately, mAb therapy is very expensive and the repeated injections of high doses can be associated with severe side-effects that reduce efficacy. Vaccines are highly cost-effective, but overall progress in development of anti-cancer vaccines based on cancer-associated antigens (e.g. HER2) has been hampered by inherent immune-tolerogenic mechanisms rendering the immune system incapable of reacting against the body’s own cells/proteins (i.e. self-antigens). Consequently, many attempts to develop anti-cancer vaccines have failed in clinical trials due to insufficient immunogenicity. To circumvent this central issue, we have developed a proprietary virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine delivery platform. Notably, the VLP-platform is currently the only available technology to effectively facilitate multivalent “virus-like” display of large/complex vaccine antigens. This is key to overcome immune-tolerance and enable induction of therapeutically potent antibody responses directed against cancer-associated self-antigens. In this talk I will discuss the non-viral Drosophila S2 insect cell production system and how it was applied to the production of hHer2/neu antigen, including using advanced production methods such as perfusion for clinical material manufacture. Furthermore, I will present our data from a transgenic mouse model for spontaneous breast cancer development, where high-density display of the HER2 extracellular domain on the surface of virus-like particles (VLPs) enables induction of therapeutically potent anti-HER2 responses. Split-protein tag/catcher conjugation was used to facilitate directional covalent attachment of HER2 to the surface of icosahedral bacteriophage-derived VLPs, thereby harnessing the VLP platform to effectively overcome B-cell tolerance. Vaccine efficacy was demonstrated both in prevention and therapy of mammary carcinomas in HER2 transgenic mice. Thus, the HER2-VLP vaccine shows promise as a new strategy for treatment of HER2-positive cancer. The modular VLP system may also represent an effective tool for development of self-antigen based vaccines against other non-communicable diseases

Multiwavelength Evidence for Quasi-periodic Modulation in the Gamma-ray Blazar PG 1553+113

We report for the first time a gamma-ray and multi-wavelength nearly-periodic oscillation in an active galactic nucleus. Using the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) we have discovered an apparent quasi-periodicity in the gamma-ray flux (E >100 MeV) from the GeV/TeV BL Lac object PG 1553+113. The marginal significance of the 2.18 +/-0.08 year-period gamma-ray cycle is strengthened by correlated oscillations observed in radio and optical fluxes, through data collected in the OVRO, Tuorla, KAIT, and CSS monitoring programs and Swift UVOT. The optical cycle appearing in ~10 years of data has a similar period, while the 15 GHz oscillation is less regular than seen in the other bands. Further long-term multi-wavelength monitoring of this blazar may discriminate among the possible explanations for this quasi-periodicity.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to The Astrophysical Journal Letters. Corresponding authors: S. Ciprini (ASDC/INFN), S. Cutini (ASDC/INFN), S. Larsson (Stockholm Univ/KTH), A. Stamerra (INAF/SNS), D. J. Thompson (NASA GSFC

Simultaneous Planck, Swift, and Fermi observations of X-ray and gamma-ray selected blazars

We present simultaneous Planck, Swift, Fermi, and ground-based data for 105 blazars belonging to three samples with flux limits in the soft X-ray, hard X-ray, and gamma-ray bands. Our unique data set has allowed us to demonstrate that the selection method strongly influences the results, producing biases that cannot be ignored. Almost all the BL Lac objects have been detected by Fermi-LAT, whereas ~40% of the flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) in the radio, soft X-ray, and hard X-ray selected samples are still below the gamma-ray detection limit even after integrating 27 months of Fermi-LAT data. The radio to sub-mm spectral slope of blazars is quite flat up to ~70GHz, above which it steepens to ~-0.65. BL Lacs have significantly flatter spectra than FSRQs at higher frequencies. The distribution of the rest-frame synchrotron peak frequency (\nupS) in the SED of FSRQs is the same in all the blazar samples with =10^13.1 Hz, while the mean inverse-Compton peak frequency, , ranges from 10^21 to 10^22 Hz. The distributions of \nupS and of \nupIC of BL Lacs are much broader and are shifted to higher energies than those of FSRQs and strongly depend on the selection method. The Compton dominance of blazars ranges from ~0.2 to ~100, with only FSRQs reaching values >3. Its distribution is broad and depends strongly on the selection method, with gamma-ray selected blazars peaking at ~7 or more, and radio-selected blazars at values ~1, thus implying that the assumption that the blazar power is dominated by high-energy emission is a selection effect. Simple SSC models cannot explain the SEDs of most of the gamma-ray detected blazars in all samples. The SED of the blazars that were not detected by Fermi-LAT may instead be consistent with SSC emission. Our data challenge the correlation between bolometric luminosity and \nupS predicted by the blazar sequence.Comment: Version accepted by A&A. Joint Planck, Swift, and Fermi collaborations pape

The radio/gamma-ray connection in Active Galactic Nuclei in the era of the Fermi Large Area Telescope

We present a detailed statistical analysis of the correlation between radio and gamma-ray emission of the Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) detected by Fermi during its first year of operation, with the largest datasets ever used for this purpose. We use both archival interferometric 8.4 GHz data (from the VLA and ATCA, for the full sample of 599 sources) and concurrent single-dish 15 GHz measurements from the Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO, for a sub sample of 199 objects). Our unprecedentedly large sample permits us to assess with high accuracy the statistical significance of the correlation, using a surrogate-data method designed to simultaneously account for common-distance bias and the effect of a limited dynamical range in the observed quantities. We find that the statistical significance of a positive correlation between the cm radio and the broad band (E>100 MeV) gamma-ray energy flux is very high for the whole AGN sample, with a probability <1e-7 for the correlation appearing by chance. Using the OVRO data, we find that concurrent data improve the significance of the correlation from 1.6e-6 to 9.0e-8. Our large sample size allows us to study the dependence of correlation strength and significance on specific source types and gamma-ray energy band. We find that the correlation is very significant (chance probability <1e-7) for both FSRQs and BL Lacs separately; a dependence of the correlation strength on the considered gamma-ray energy band is also present, but additional data will be necessary to constrain its significance.Comment: Accepted for publications by ApJ. Contact authors: M. Giroletti, V. Pavlidou, A. Reime

Fermi/LAT discovery of gamma-ray emission from a relativistic jet in the narrow-line quasar PMN J0948+0022

We report the discovery by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope of high-energy gamma-ray emission from the peculiar quasar PMN J0948+0022 (z=0.5846). The optical spectrum of this object exhibits rather narrow Hbeta (FWHM(Hbeta) ~ 1500 km s^-1), weak forbidden lines and is therefore classified as a narrow-line type I quasar. This class of objects is thought to have relatively small black hole mass and to accrete at high Eddington ratio. The radio loudness and variability of the compact radio core indicates the presence of a relativistic jet. Quasi simultaneous radio-optical-X-ray and gamma-ray observations are presented. Both radio and gamma-ray emission (observed over 5-months) are strongly variable. The simultaneous optical and X-ray data from Swift show a blue continuum attributed to the accretion disk and a hard X-ray spectrum attributed to the jet. The resulting broad band spectral energy distribution (SED) and, in particular, the gamma-ray spectrum measured by Fermi are similar to those of more powerful FSRQ. A comparison of the radio and gamma-ray characteristics of PMN J0948+0022 with the other blazars detected by LAT shows that this source has a relatively low radio and gamma-ray power, with respect to other FSRQ. The physical parameters obtained from modelling the SED also fall at the low power end of the FSRQ parameter region discussed in Celotti & Ghisellini (2008). We suggest that the similarity of the SED of PMN J0948+0022 to that of more massive and more powerful quasars can be understood in a scenario in which the SED properties depend on the Eddington ratio rather than on the absolute power.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication on ApJ Main Journal. Corresponding author: L. Foschin

PKS 1502+106: a new and distant gamma-ray blazar in outburst discovered by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope discovered a rapid (about 5 days duration), high-energy (E >100 MeV) gamma-ray outburst from a source identified with the blazar PKS 1502+106 (OR 103, S3 1502+10, z=1.839) starting on August 05, 2008 and followed by bright and variable flux over the next few months. Results on the gamma-ray localization and identification, as well as spectral and temporal behavior during the first months of the Fermi all-sky survey are reported here in conjunction with a multi-waveband characterization as a result of one of the first Fermi multi-frequency campaigns. The campaign included a Swift ToO (followed up by 16-day observations on August 07-22, MJD 54685-54700), VLBA (within the MOJAVE program), Owens Valley (OVRO) 40m, Effelsberg-100m, Metsahovi-14m, RATAN-600 and Kanata-Hiroshima radio/optical observations. Results from the analysis of archival observations by INTEGRAL, XMM-Newton and Spitzer space telescopes are reported for a more complete picture of this new gamma-ray blazar.Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures, accepted for The Astrophysical Journa